诺齐克交换正义思想之反思

诺齐克是当代著名哲学家,其"持有正义"理论为分析交换正义提供了重要的思想资源和线索。对诺齐克交换正义思想的研究有助于对交换进行哲学上的界定,有助于寻找规范交换的正义原则。诺齐克虽然突出了自愿对交换正义的重要性,但他对自愿行为的分析忽视了认知对自愿性的影响,也无法表明自愿是交换正义的唯一原则。洛克限制条款在某些情况下不能与自愿交换相容。与此同时,诺齐克忽视了交换对第三方的影响在交换正义中的地位与作用,并仅将交换正义的论题集中在我们应如何交换这个问题上,忽视了我们能够交换什么及我们可以和谁交换这两个议题。

Reflections on Nozick's Thought of Just Exchange

Nozick is a famous contemporary philosopher and his theory of justice on holding is a significant resource for the discussion of just exchange.The inquiring of Nozick’s thought of just exchange is very helpful for us to define "exchange" in a philosophical way and to seek principles of just exchange.Although Nozick gives prominence to the importance of voluntary principle,his analysis on voluntary action is not successful for ignoring the influence of cognitive condition.And Nozick fails to claim that the voluntary principle is the only principle of justice of exchange.In some cases,Lockean Proviso could not be compatible with voluntary principle.Moreover,Nozick ignores the impact on the third party from exchange and improperly limits the range of justice of exchange because he ignores the questions like which are which sorts of things we should not sell,what the right way of exchanging is.