威权统治与现代化导向的叠合交错——论武汉工会的战后整改（1945-1947）

战后国民政府对武汉工会进行了全面整改。整改措施方面，政府以指定领导人的方式把政府工会打造为忠实拥趸，对产、职业工会的结构划分采取了横向行政区划与纵向层级管理两种方式。整改变化方面，体现为工会领导层面的专业化、党员化与扩充化以及会员数量有意精简的特点。整改措施与整改变化均体现出国民政府威权统治与现代化导向的专业管理两种原则的叠合交错。整改中出现的“身份认定”问题使得部分具有双重身份的人能够利用党政双方的意见分歧，上下其手，为社会稳定埋下隐患，也加速了专制政权的溃败；“边界明晰”问题的持续存在则说明权责明确这一整改目标与战后整改现实之间的距离。

Cross-overlapping of authoritarian rule and modernization orientation: Discussions on the post-war reform of Wuhan trade unions

The post-war National Government of Wuhan has introduced a comprehensive reform into Wuhan trade unions. The Government appointed the leaders for the trade unions so that the unions would remain loyal to the Government; it adopted the horizontal administration division and vertical hierarchical management for the structural partition of trade unions. After the reform, the leadership of the trade unions has been strengthened which was reflected by the increased numbers of party members and professionals in the leadership, while the number of union members has been deliberately cut down. The reform has illustrated the cross-overlapping of authoritarian rule and modernization orientation of the Government. On the other hand, the “identification” problem during the rectification rendered it possible for some who had double identities to take advantage of the differences in opinion between party and government seeking profits, which proved to be hidden troubles for social stability as well as the accelerator of the collapse of authoritarian regime. The persistent existence of the problem “boundary clarity” showed clearly that there was a certain distance between the goal of the reform, which was well-defined power and responsibility, and the post-war reality.