协商民主理念下社会协商的困境与路径研究

协商民主对社会协商起着理念渗透与实践导向功能，而社会协商则是协商民主社会场域内的具体化、路径化。受历史条件、社会复杂性的制约，社会协商的发展困难重重。为此，必须在政治文化层面上，积极培育公民的协商精神与提升社会公共理性；在组织生态层面上，促进社会组织的规范化、制度化建设；在制度构建层面上，促进社会协商的制度化建设，构建“个人—社会—国家”互动的协商格局。与此同时，规避社会协商过程中的“过度性”协商与“抽象性”协商，强化社会协商的“真实性”。通过以上举措，进一步深化我国社会协商的实践路径，实现社会协商发展的具体化、广泛化，继而有效地推动我国协商民主发展。

Studies of Dilemma and Paths of Social Negotiation under the Concept of Deliberative Democracy

Deliberative democracy for social negotiation plays a philosophy penetration and practice-oriented functions and the social negotiation is the specific of deliberative democracy within a certain field.By the constraints of historical condi-tions and the complexity of the society,the development of social negotiation is full of difficulties.Therefore,on the level of political culture,we must actively cultivate civil spirit of consultation and promote social and public rationality:on eco-logical organization level,promoting the standardization and systemization of social organization;on the system construc-tion level,promoting the institutionalization construction of social negotiation,building “individual-society-nation”inter-active pattern of negotiation.At the same time,we should avoid the excessive consultation and abstractive consultation in the process of social negotiation and strengthen the authenticity of social consultation.Through the above initiatives,we further deepen the practical path of social negotiation,achieving specific and extensive development of the social negotia-tion,then effectively promoting the development of deliberative democracy.