中美大学生道歉策略使用的跨文化研究

从中美两所大学各选取30名学生作为受试者,以问卷调查的方式,对他们在8种道歉情景中的策略选择进行了研究。统计数据表明,中美大学生的道歉策略选择具有很多共性,比如直接道歉使用频率都是最高,这充分体现了该策略的普遍适用性;表示关心、最小化责任和拒绝道歉等策略使用得都很少,这是因为前两种策略具有场依附性,而后一种策略本身就违背了道歉应遵循的礼貌原则。但与中国学生相比,美国学生使用拒绝道歉的策略要更频繁些,这是由两国不同的语境文化、等级观念和政治现实造成的。

A Cross-cultural Study on the Application of Apology Strategies Between Chinese and American College Students

30 students who are from an American university and a Chinese university respectively are chosen as subjects,and their choice of apology strategies in 8 situations is studied through a questionnaire.The statistics shows that there are many similarities between American and Chinese college students in their choice of strategies.For example,direct apology is most frequently used by both of them,which reflects the universality of this strategy.Strategy of showing concern,strategy of minimizing and strategy of rejecting are used very rarely.The reasons are that the first two strategies are dependent on certain situations,and the last strategy is against the principle of politeness which should be applied in the apology situations.However,in contrast with Chinese students,American students use strategy of rejecting more frequently,which is caused by their different context cultures,different sense of hierarchy and different political realities.