我国社会救助制度中强制工作措施的法律问题及立法建议

从法理上来看,虽然强制工作措施在协助自助和互惠性原则上具有正当性,但也存在限缩宪法生存权保障意旨的疑议,因此并非可以无条件地实施。实践上,我国当前社会救助制度在实施强制工作措施时主要存在立法政策化、欠缺对劳动能力的具体认定以及忽视强制工作的品质与内容等方面的问题。为建构起既能"安贫"又能"脱贫"的社会救助制度,有必要从立法目的以及具体的立法建议两个方面来指明我国强制工作措施精细化立法的方向,以期对我国社会救助法的出台有所裨益。

Legal Problems of Compulsory Work Measures in China’s Social Assistance System and Legislative Suggestions

Jurisprudentially,compulsory work measures are justified in terms of helping self-reliance and reciprocity,but there are also doubts about restricting the constitutional guarantee of the rights to subsistence,so they cannot be implemented unconditionally.In practice,the compulsory work measures in China’s current social assistance system mainly have problems such as policy orientation of legislation,lack of specific identification of labor capacity,and neglect of the quality and content of compulsory work.In order to build a social assistance system that can both "guarantee basic subsistence" and "help alleviate poverty",it is necessary to specify the goals and the direction of elaborate legislation of China’s compulsory work measures from the perspective of legislative goals and specific legislative suggestions so as to help promulgate China’s social assistance law.