棚架、地栽两种模式下黑木耳的比较效益分析——基于海林、东宁的实证调研

海林市、东宁县是全国著名的黑木耳生产基地。基于实际调研,比较分析了两地棚架、地栽两种不同栽培模式下的黑木耳生产效益,得出以下结论:一是两地棚架黑木耳栽培投资回报率均高于地栽;二是海林市棚架栽培模式的利润低于东宁,地栽模式的利润则高于东宁;三是黑木耳产业发展中仍存在菌林矛盾尖锐、劳动力缺乏且人工成本高、基础设施薄弱、市场服务体系不健全及管理水平落后等问题,就此提出了促进黑木耳产业持续健康发展的对策建议。

Analysis on Comparative Effectiveness of Greenhouse and Land Cultivation of Black Fungus- Based on Empirical Survey in Hailin City and Dongning County

Hailin and Dongning are the famous black fungus production bases. Based on the case study,this paper makes a comparative analysis on the efficiency of black fungus from two different greenhouse and land cultivation modes. The result shows that firstly, the investment return of green- house mode is much higher than that of land cultivation; secondly, the profit of greenhouse cultivation in Hailin is lower than that in Dongning, but its land cultivation profit is higher than that in Dongning; thirdly,there are still many problems in the development of black fungus, such as sharp contradictions between bacteria and forest, shortage of labor and high labor costs, poor infrastructure, imperfect market service system and inefficient management. Consequently, this paper proposes several suggestions on how to promote sustainable and healthv development of black fungus industry.