W TO框架下甘肃河西春小麦发展方向选择研究

小麦是世界第一大贸易作物。我国是世界第一产麦大国 ,也是第一进口大国。我国自产小麦的市场满足率从 6 0年代以来一直只有 80 %～ 90 % ,1999年度小麦总产达到 1.1亿吨 ,满足率达到 10 0 %。目前结构性矛盾较突出 ,通用弱筋小麦的比例达 5 9% ,是市场需求的 2倍 ,而面包专用强筋小麦和糕点专用软质小麦严重不足 ,长期依赖进口。甘肃河西及沿黄灌区与北美春麦区十分相似的气候条件 ,是理想的专用硬红春麦产区。目前急待解决的问题是 ,农民的小规模生产与企业大规模需要之间的矛盾。解决方案是采取合同供种、模式化栽培、合同预约生产、优质优价收购 ,配料配粉加工的链条式转化途径 ,重点扶持龙头企业 ,拉动市场需求 ,扩大种植面积 ,形成商品规模

Choices of Development of the Spring Wheat Sector in Hexi, Gansu Province in the WTO Context

Even through our total production of wheat in 1999 reached to 110 million tons and 100% of the market demand has been met, but the structural contradiction is quite obvious, weak tendoned wheat accounts for 59% of the whole market supply, which is two times higher than the demand, While the special high tendoned wheat for bread and cakes is seriously short of supply, depending heavily on import for a long time. Since Hexi Gansu and irrigating areas along the Huanghe river has the similar weather condition with north America, it is an ideal area for producing the special wheat, hard red skin. Now the problem is the contradiction between the farmers' small scaled production and the enterprises' large scaled demand. The solutions include: supplying seeds by contract, cultivation in patterns, production under a pre engaged contract, good quality good price, components and powder add during the wheat processing, heavily support to some tap enterprises, simulation of the market demand and expand of the planting areas, therefore make the production is a lager scale and commerce one.