“鬼畜”视频的平台侵权责任研究

“鬼畜”视频由既有视频剪辑而成,存在侵犯著作权、人格权的可能。现行法律规则和研究对“鬼畜”视频平台侵权责任的认定,没有注意到“鬼畜”视频特殊的生产方式,过度保护了视频平台,造成权利人维权困难。“鬼畜”视频的创作是由视频平台组织的“迷群生产”方式完成的?迷群成员共享一套素材和视觉符号,模因化地使用这些符号创作视频,迷群内形成一定的群体结构和创作者世代?视频平台在迷群的形成和组织中起关键作用?因此视频平台应当承担起更高的注意义务,对“鬼畜”视频是否超过了必要限度进行审查,不应单纯依“避风港”原则被动地删除侵权视频?“鬼畜”视频的平台责任确定,符合网络侵权的一般原理:互联网平台的责任应当与其在数字生产中发挥的作用相适应?

Research on Platform Liability of the Kichiku Videos

The Kichiku video is a new form of remix video. It is made from existing video clips, which may infringe copyright and individuals'' reputation. The law and existing research discussed the liability of network platforms on the Kichiku video on the basis of secondary infringement.These theories did not notice the unique production methods of the videos which over-protected the video platform and caused difficulties for right holders. The creation of the Kichiku videos is in the way of so-called fan-group-production, which is organized by a video platform.Members of the fan groups share a set of materials and visual symbols and use these symbols to make videos as memes.There is also a particular group structure within the fan group. Video platforms play a crucial role in the formation and organization of the fan-groups. Therefore, the video platforms should no longer be protected by the "safe harbor" rule. It should review the Kichiku videos initiative. The discussion of the infringement liability of video platforms above is in line of the basic principle of online platform liability, i.e., the liability of the online platform should be compatible with its role in digital production.