中国“左翼”运动与延安红色文艺

中国左翼文学生成于20世纪"红色30年代"的国际背景之下,早期中国共产党领袖人物瞿秋白和德高望重的大作家鲁迅先生等诸多文化先驱对苏联文学理论的翻译传播壮大了左翼文艺运动的力量。40年代的延安红色文艺直接师承左翼运动,左翼运动为延安红色文艺至少准备了四笔财富:(1)准备了理论基础,例如"阶级斗争理论"、文艺的阶级性、文艺是阶级斗争的"工具"武器"等;(2)革命文学创作经验,例如较好地处理了文学与政治的关系,较好地解决了文学大众化的问题等;(3)红色文艺的领导干部和文艺家队伍,例如周扬、丁玲、萧军等;(4)作家主体意识,例如强烈的社会批判精神等。延安红色文艺思想理论的形成有效地吸纳了前三笔财富,而对第四笔则作了有效的规范,此后,在相当长的年代里作家主体消解在社会主体"工农兵"之中。其间所发生的无数次文艺运动,都与这笔财富被规范有关。

Chinese Left-wing Movement and the Red Literature &.Arts of Yan'an

Chinese Leftwing Literature was born in the international background of "red 1930s", translation works and other word done by QU Qiubai, a leader of CPC, and LU Xun, a famous and respectable writer, strengthened the power of Leftwing Literature Movement. The red literature and arts of Yan'an in the 1940s is a continuation of the Leftwing Movement, at least there four kinds of wealth coming from Left Wing Movement for the red literature and arts of Yan'an: (1)Theoretical foundation, for example, "the class struggle theory", the class nature of literature and arts, literature and arts are "instrument" and "weapon" for class struggle, and so on; (2)experience for writing revolutionary literature, for instance, the relation between politics and literature was well handled, and the problem of literature popularization was well resolved, and etc.; (3)Leaders,writers and artists for the red literature and arts, e.g., ZHOU Yang, DING Ling and XIAO Jun, and etc.; (4)Writers' subjective consciousness, e.g., the strong social critique spirit,and etc.. The formation of thoughts and theories of Yan'an red literature and arts effectively assimilated the former three kinds of wealth and effectively regulated the last one, and in a long period afterwards the writer subject was melted into the subject of workers, farmers and soldiers.