六艺中的乐、射、御与体育、美育

六艺是中国古代的教育内容。在夏商之时 ,已有六艺教育的基本内容 ,但并不完善。乐在当时是排在首位 ,礼是排在从属的位置。到了周代 ,六艺的内容确定下来 ,形成了以礼为首 ,包含有德、智、体、美的完整的教育内容。礼同乐、射、御等体育、艺术教育内容的结合 ,表现了中国古代教育中美育的特点。礼的核心是维系宗法社会的根本 ,是一个人在社会上立身行事的基本准则。它同乐、射、御紧密地结合在一起 ,最终实行政教合一 ,适应周代宗法社会的需要 ,为统治者培养合格人才。美育在乐、射、御中得到了具体的、形象生动的表现 ,在造就文质彬彬、尽善尽美的人格境界中得到升华

Of the Music, Archery and Riding in the Classical Six Arts: A Study of Physical Training and Aesthetic Cultivation in Ancient Chinese Education

Long before in the Xia and Shang Dynasties educ ation held more or less the six arts, music led first propriety was in subordinate place. Up to the Zhou Dynasty, the six arts were fixed as propriety, music, archery, riding, writing and arithmetic, thus formed a complete system of education with the propriety placed first. The combining of propriety and music and archery and riding featured the aesthetic cultivation in the ancient Chinese education. As the leading body of the six arts system of education, the propriety was to teach man how to go with social order. It was the norm for man behaving himself and doing things properly and correctly in society. The close connection of propriety with music, archery and riding implied the integration of politics and education so as to meet the need of the patriarchal society in the Zhou Dynasty. The aesthetic cultivation were vividly and lively embodying in the training of the music, archery and riding, and the outcome of which the educated would be a man holding the balance of outward grace and solid worth, a man who reached the acme of perfection, the object of the classical six arts system of education.