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Meeting the mental health needs of homeless students in schools: A Multi-Tiered System of Support framework
Institution:1. University of Arizona, United States;2. Appalachian State University, United States;1. University of Connecticut, Dept. of Human Development and Family Studies, 348 Mansfield Rd., U-1058, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;2. Shattuck Applied Research and Evaluation, 1205 Pacific Avenue, Suite 206, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA;3. Tufts University, Center for Promise, 177 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA;4. San Jose State University, Department of Psychology, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192, USA;5. University of California Santa Cruz, Psychology Department, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA;1. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen St. West, Toronto, Ontario M6J 1H1, Canada;2. University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 55 Bond Street East Oshawa, Ontario, Canada;3. Wellesley Institute, 10 Alcorn Ave Suite 300, Toronto, Ontario M4V 3B2, Canada;4. Loft Community Services, 721 Bloor St. W suite 103, Toronto, Ontario M6G 1L5, Canada;5. Covenant House Toronto, 20 Gerrard Street East, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2P3, Canada;6. The Centre for Mindfulness Studies, 180 Sudbury St, Toronto, Ontario M6J 0A8, Canada;7. SKETCH, 180 Shaw Street, Suite 201, Toronto, Ontario M6J 2W5, Canada;1. Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Primary and Community Care, Impuls-Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;2. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands;3. Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, University of Utrecht,The Netherlands
Abstract:The number of homeless youth in the U.S. has reached an all-time high and this represents a growing social problem. Research indicates that homeless youth are significantly at-risk for experiencing a range of negative life-outcomes such as school dropout, the development of mental health problems, use/abuse of illicit substances, suicidality, and even early mortality. Thus, effective interventions and mental health supports are needed to help address their complex mental health needs. Fortunately, however, many homeless youth regularly attend school, especially younger youth (i.e., under 13 years old) and youth who are members of homeless families. Therefore, as important members of school communities, school-based mental health professionals can help support these students. With this aim in mind, this paper discusses the use of a Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS) framework to meet the mental health needs of homeless students in schools. More specifically, following a public health service delivery model, service delivery is discussed at universal, selective, and indicated levels. Lastly, to address the diverse needs of homeless students, integrated service-delivery across various systems of care is discussed.
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