劳动力迁移过程中的农村留守老人照料问题研究

随着大量农村劳动力人口的外出务工,农村留守老人照料问题日益突出,2004年7月中国人民大学老年学研究所组织了大型“农村流出人口对老年人生活影响”的调查,以此为基础,探讨农村青年劳动力人口外流对农村老年人生活照料的影响。一方面照料提供者的减少,农业劳动、家务劳动等负担的增加加剧了农村留守老人的健康和日常生活照料问题;另一方面社会照料网络如农村基层组织、农村社区、志愿者等为留守老人提供的照料体系还不完善。随着社会的发展,社会网络对老年人提供的照料必将发挥越来越大的作用。我们不能因为农村劳动力外流弱化了家庭照料老人的功能而忽略了其对社会照料体系构建的作用。

"Remained Elderly" Care in Rural in the Process of Labor Migration

Due to large amount of adult children migrating out of rural areas for work in urban areas,the care for rural elderly who remained behind has come to be one of people's top concerns.Based on the survey "The Impacts of Flow-out of Young People on Caring of the Elderly in Rural Areas"conducted by Institute of Gerontology,Renmin University of China,this study aims to explore the influences of labor migration on the care of rural elderly.The analysis indicates that the older persons are facing difficulties of health,daily cares caused by the decrease of number of care giver,heavy responsibilities including farm work and housework.Moreover,social care network including rural grass-root organizations,local communities,volunteers cannot satisfy the care needs by the elderly.This study also tries to explain the impact mechanism of labor migration on the care system of "remained elderly" in rural China.