排污权交易机制与社会福利

构建了单个排污行业黟总量控制为核心的排污权交易机制模型以及政府与企业之间的博弈模型，以考察排污权交易机制在环境治理方面所带来的社会福利影响。建立低成本的完善的排污监管机制是建立有效排污权交易机制的关键条件，政府部门可以通过降低监管成本，提高治污能力以及提供相应的减排激励或者提供相应的产品技术研发资金来有效地提高治污效率，提高社会福利，而企业同样具有相应的激励来改进生产技术，减少污染物产生量和直接排放量来增加企业福利。

Study on the Emission Trading Mechanism and Social Welfare

This paper presents an emission trading model based on an emission industry and a game tree between government and emission industry.With the model we will do some research about the change of social welfare that emission trading mechanism brings about.We find that if we want to build efficient emission trading mechanism,we must build effective supervisory mechanism first.To increase the social welfare,the government can reduce the supervisory cost,improve the ability to control pollution,and provide some motivation or some funds for R&D.Then we can increase the efficiency to manage pollution and we can increase our social welfare.Simultaneously,the industry has motivation to improve production technology,reduce the output of pollution and the pollutants discharged directly.So the social cost will increase.