“关中书院改建为陕西师范学堂”的历史复原初探

在向近代教育转型的过程中，关中书院改建为师范学堂，其名称有三种不同的表述：关中大学堂、陕西第一师范学堂、陕西师范学院。笔者翻检史籍、梳理资料后，认定：首先，没有“关中书院改为关中大学堂”一说；其次，《续修陕西省通志稿》记载的关中书院改建为陕西第一师范学堂的事件，可能是将民国时期的“陕西省立第一师范学校”与清末的“陕西师范学堂”混淆，因此，误把光绪二十九年由关中书院改建的陕西唯一一所师范学堂称为“陕西第一师范学堂”。因此，关中书院改建的师范学堂应名为“陕西师范学堂”。在改建时间方面，笔者认定陕西师范学堂的设立在光绪二十九年（1903）应该是正确的。

Restoration the History of Guanzhong Academy Reconstructed to Shaanxi Normal College

Guanzhong Academy, when it was reconstructed to a normal college in the process of transformation of modem education, was called as Guanzhong Grand School, Shaanxi First Normal College, and Shaanxi Normal College. With collecting historical records and sorting out data, it holds that there was no proof of ＂Guanzhong Academy was reconstructed to Guanzhong Grand School＂ ; secondly, Shaanxi Provincial First Normal School established during the Republic of China would be confused with Shaanxi Normal College established at the end of the Qing Dynasty in the record of Compilation of Shaanxi Provincial History, which mistook the only normal school rebuilt by Guangzhong Academy in Shaanxi at Guangxu twenty-nine years （1903） as the ＂Shaanxi First Normal College＂. Therefore, the right expression of normal school reconstructed by Guanzhong Academy is Shaanxi Normal College that was set up in Guangxu twenty - nine years （1903）.