春秋时期郑、宋、卫世族政治的历史变迁

春秋时期，郑、宋、卫三国基本上是因循旧制，任用公族执政。但由于历史传统、现实国情不同，三国的世族政治亦表现出了不同的特色。郑国世族形成较晚，“七穆”兴起后，郑国形成了卿大夫执政制，诸卿互相制衡、联合执政，使郑国国内保持了相对的稳定。宋国政治的特点是君权较强，政权下移较缓，君权在与卿权的斗争中稍占上风。直至春秋末期，宋国政权才完全落入“戴氏”的手中。卫国在春秋早期社会矛盾的焦点是公室内部争夺君位的斗争。春秋中叶，卫国的世族势力壮大，公室与卿大夫之间的矛盾开始激化。春秋晚期，卫国君位争夺与君卿斗争互相交织，内乱频仍。南氏乘机崛起，并在战国时夺取了政权。尽管春秋时期郑、宋、卫的政治各具特色，但其总的发展趋势是相同的，即经过公室与世族、世族之间的激烈斗争，列国最终均出现了“礼乐征伐自大夫出”的政治局面。

Historical Change of Family Politics of Zheng Song and Wei at the Spring and Autumn Period

Royal clan reigning system continued in the State of Zheng, Song and Wei at Spring and Autumn Period. However, this family politics showed different features in the three states due to their unique historical tradition and State situation. In the State of Zheng, the oflicials who united and balanced kept a steady society. In the state of Song, The monarch had more power than the officials. In the State of Wei, There existed conflicts within royal family and conflicts between monarch and officials .＂ To summarize, the family politics in the three states had their own features, meanwhile, they had sinfilar tendency and ultimately formed aristocratic administration system.