唐宋之际里正的变迁

唐贞观九年设置的乡长、乡佐,贞观十五年就废罢了。但乡仍是县以下的一级区划,其功能即是通过"里正"来体现。从唐中后期开始,里正的职责范围不断缩小,不仅治安事务由耆长来负责,财税方面的事务虽然和唐代大体一致,但也增配了户长和乡书手来共同完成。在北宋前期里正的职责经历了一个转移的过程,由最初在乡村承担催税和圈派差役等事务,转而被派往州县承担衙前,直到至和年间被彻底废罢。

Changes of Lizheng in the Tang-Song Dynasties

Xiangzhang and Xiangzuo were set up in the 9th year of Zheng-guan(Emperor Tangtaizong), but were dismissed in the 15th year of Zheng-guan. However, Xiang whose founction was carried out by Lizheng was still one administrative district inferior to county. Since the middle and late Tang Dynasty, its power has been limiting gradually. On the one hand, the security affairs were in the charge of the elders. On the other hand, although the revenue affairs were generally the same as those in the Tang Dynasty, they were partaken by Huzhang and Xiangshu. While Lizheng's function experienced a progress of transformation in the early Northern Song Dynasty. Originally, it was changed from levying tax and assigning corvée in village to serve as Yaqin in Zhou and county, then to be dismissed completely in the years of Zhi-he(Emperor Songrenzong).