Heterogenous internationalization processes of emerging economy MNEs: A review and research agenda |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Management, Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany;2. Aarhus University, Department of Management, Fuglesangs Allé 4, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark;3. Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Management, Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany;1. Palm Beach Atlantic University, 901 S Flagler Dr, West Palm Beach, FL 33401, United States of America;2. University of Texas, Austin, College of Education, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5000, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America;1. Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India;2. Department of Marketing, Indian Institute of Management Ranchi, Jharkhand, India;3. SP Jain School of Global Management, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;4. University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy;1. School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an, Shaanxi 710072, PR China;2. Faculty of Economics and Management, Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, Universitätsplatz 1, 93100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy;3. Asia School of Business, 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;4. Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitaetsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany;5. Department of Management and Organisation, NUS Business School, National University of Singapore, 15 Kent Ridge Drive, 119245, Singapore;1. Middlesex University Business School, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London NW4 4BT, United Kingdom;2. Leeds University Business School, Maurice Keyworth Building, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom and Carnegie Mellon University in Qatar Education City, PO Box 24866, Doha, Qatar;3. Nijmegen School of Management, Radboud University, Elinor Ostrom Building, Heyendaalseweg 141, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands;1. University of Queensland, 39 Blair Dr, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia;2. University of Sydney, Abercrombie Building H70, Corner Abercrombie Street and Codrington St, Darlington, NSW 2006, Australia;3. Trinity Business School, Trinity College Dublin, 182 Pearse St, Dublin D02F6N2, Ireland;1. Macerata University, Italy;2. Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany;3. The University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, USA;4. The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA |
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| Abstract: | The internationalization of emerging economy MNEs (EEMNEs) is a major topic in international business (IB) research. IB scholars testing the applicability of existing internationalization theories to EEMNEs, or developing new EEMNE theories, have failed to explain that the heterogeneity in EEMNE internationalization is due to their being based in different countries, being active in different industries, and having different resource endowments. With these differences investigated mostly in isolation, the research to date has been fragmented. We take a more holistic view. Our paper synthesizes the literature to show that heterogeneity in EEMNE internationalization processes are due to the interaction between country, industry, and firm and this allows us to explain the “where,” “how,” “when,” and “how much” of it. We use a top-down approach, that is, how macro-level and industry factors impact firm-level ones. We disentangle studies on home-country, industry, and firm-level antecedents to internationalization, which yields rich insights. We develop an integrative framework that identifies the antecedents of EEMNE internationalization and their interrelationships. We then use the framework to review and summarize past research, outlining gaps and contradictions, and most importantly, we present crucial findings. Finally, we propose research questions that we believe will advance the EEMNE internationalization field. |
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