宋代理学对美学思维的影响

宋代理学对美学的影响是一个独特而深刻的美学思想史现象,它是从思维这一基点上,具体从以下层面上发生的:本体性、心态学、体认方式、思维结构。宋人的审美目光不是专注于外在的形体、状态,而是内在的神理、涵质。审美思维的调整,使得审美的走向出现新变。思维的内敛性,回归师心论,完成了理学-心学-美学的建构。以物观物的体认方式,保持了观照的审视态度,对近代王国维的词美学思想发挥了影响。对耦性、对待性思维结构,保持和形成了审美上良好的平衡状态和张力机制,各种门类美学均有具体、鲜明的表征。理学穷究本体,不囿事象,沾溉美学,则是追寻神理、气韵,不以形似为高,而以神似为尚。理学向经学的告别,以一种新的认知理念和方式体认对象世界,成为理学-美学整合的根本基础,从而产生出新的美学话语。

The influence of idealist philosophy in Song Dynasty on aesthetic thought

The idealist philosophy in the Song Dynasty produced a unique and deep influence on aesthetics in the history of aesthetic ideology,involving the noumenon,psychology,realization and thinking system.The aesthetic perspective in the Song Dynasty focused on the internal reason and nature of things instead of on their external form and state.This adjustment brought about new aesthetic intentions and contributed to the establishment of aesthetics on the basis of idealist philosophy and psychology.The pursuit of likeness in spirit declared the idealist philosophy parting from the Confucian classics and realizing the objective world with a new conception and in a new way,which became the foundation of the integration of idealist philosophy and aesthetics,and consequently formed a new aesthetic discourse.