社会资本与女性创业——基于GEM数据的跨国(地区)比较研究

从女性的社会地位和社会角色分工切入,探讨在不同经济发展水平和制度背景下社会资本对其创业选择的影响,并采用全球创业观察(global entrepreneurship monitor)和全球政府治理指标(worldwide governance index)两个大型国际数据库进行跨国(地区)比较研究,发现女性创业者社会资本与其创业选择呈倒U型关系,在一定阈值下社会资本能增加女性的创业选择,而超过该阈值社会资本的增加反而会降低女性的创业选择.同时,女性个人的人力资本和国家(地区)的经济发展水平会削弱社会资本的上述作用,制度环境则会增强社会资本的上述作用.这一研究揭示了社会地位、社会角色期望对女性参与创业活动的束缚,是将女性的社会角色纳入创业分析的一次有益探索.

Social capital and female entrepreneurship: A comparative study of transnational (regional) data based on GEM data

From the perspective of social capital and role cognition in different institutional cultures,this paper gives an empirical analysis of how female entrepreneurs' social networks and human capital affect their entrepreneurial behavior.By using international authoritative databases:Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Worldwide Governance Index:For a comparative study,the empirical analyses show that female entrepreneurs' social capital and entrepreneurial activity form an inverted U-sharped curve relationship,and that female's high social capital will inhibit or increase the entrepreneurial activity rate depending on whether a threshhold is reached or not.Different economic development and human capital negatively moderate the above curvilinear relationship,but the institutional environment strengthens this relationship.This study reveals the social status and social role expectations tied to women's participation in entrepreneurial activities,and presents a theoretical framework of female social economic role into the entrepreneurial activity analysis.