结构与过程：再论中华民族从多元走向一体

费孝通的多元一体论是中国人类学、民族学整体性宏观研究的典范，是中国话语的具有国际意义和价值的创新之作。但是，20年来却一直处于共识与分歧并行的态势，其中一个重要的原因就是多元一体理论内涵的本质是一种结构论，如果能加上从多元走向一体过程论的诠释和解读，一些不理解和质疑就可能迎刃而解。面对全球化，在“属于中国的就是属于世界的”这个事实面前，中国任何一个民族都不可能单独面对世界、面对全球化，而只有与中华人民共和国的国家建构相匹配的中华民族，才能面对世界、面对全球化。正是属于中华民族的就是属于中国的，这也是中华民族从多元走向一体的真正意义之所在。

The Structure and Process: More Discussion on Chinese Nation from Pluralism to an Organic Whole

The concept of the pluralistic organic whole proposed by Fei Xiaotong is the classical example of macro research of anthropology and ethnology and is the creative Chinese discourse with international meaning and value. But the understanding of the concept has been undergoing agreement and disagreement continuously in recent 20 years. The main reason for the contradictory understanding is that the essence of the pluralistic organic whole is the theory of structure. Some misunderstanding will be easily dismissed if explanation of going from pluralism to an organic whole is added in the understanding of this theory. It is impossible for any ethnic group in China to face the whole world and globalization when confronting the fact that ＂anything belonging to China belongs to the whole world＂. Only the Chinese nation which is compatible to the structure and construction of a country can face the world and globalization. The fact that ＂anything belonging to the Chinese nation belongs to China＂ is meaningful to china in the process of going from its pluralism to an organic whole.