宋代诉讼中减少诬告的规范及措施

根据详实史料，探索宋代法律为减少诬告现象所制定的有关诉讼程序规范。如从年龄和身体健康两方面限制投状者范围，状书不得匿名或多名，状书内容要明确，不得含糊称疑，投状者必须签写反坐状等等，这些措施实施效果良莠不一。在具体司法实践中，司法官员通过采取在灾荒年减少案件受理、膀示诬讼案件、严惩贪图私利的官吏以及在主刑外附加从刑等方式，寓教化于刑罚，以期减少诬讼现象。

Norms and measures to reduce false charge during legal proceeding in Song dynasty

There were particular rules when legislators made penalty on crime of false charge in Song Dynasty. Besides, they had made legal proceeding rules to reduce false charge. Prosecutor＇s qualification was restricted by his （her） age and health. Any record couldn＇t be anonymous and should have explicit statement. Prosecutor had to underwrite guarantee after he handed over record. Justices took measures to their best to reduce false charge. They cut down the acception of records in disaster year and pasted case if it was approved malign. They threw the book at the officials if they defalcated during disposing malign cases. In addition, they took additive penalty to avoid false charge.