理势之辨、战和之争与中国近代史上的爱国、卖国——以徐继畬为中心的考察

在中国步入近代伊始，徐继畬可谓是少数“开眼世界”的中国人之一。然而在1850年神光寺事件中，他却陷入了深深的痛苦之中。徐继畬因力主和局、反对轻启衅端而为时人所诟病，并为后来的一些研究者说成是“卖国”。这与洋务时期部分洋务派因主和而背负骂名的处境极为相似。事实上，徐继畬等人之所以主和是基于对敌强我弱之势的清楚认识，其主和是“势”不敌人的不得已之举，虽不免屈辱妥协的成分，但也不乏“卧薪尝胆”、“以屈求伸”的隐衷。因此，说其妥协退让、屈辱求和则可，说其卖国投降则不可。

Patriotism or Quislism:a Review on Xu Jiyu

At the beginning of Modern China ,Xu Jiyu was one of the most learned persons about foreigners. But in the case of Shenguang Temple, he got into deep pain. Because of sticking to standoff, he was condemned by some people .Now some researchers even regard him as quislism. In fact,what XuJiyu did was based on his knowledge on the strength of the enemy and weakness of the Qing Dynasty .That he took up standoff was an inevitable choice . So we should regard his deeds as compromise but not quislism.