| 中国新时期的计划生育与改革开放 |
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| 引用本文： | 李文. 中国新时期的计划生育与改革开放[J]. 湖南文理学院学报(社会科学版), 2010, 0(5) |
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| 作者姓名： | 李文 |
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| 作者单位： | 当代中国研究所; |
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| 摘 要： | 新中国在人口政策上走过一段弯路,错过了解决人口问题的最佳时机,20世纪80年代初不得不采取强制性的计划生育政策。强制性的节制生育与改革开放不但是同步实施的,也是互为因果的。计划生育通过降低生育率减缓了人口增长速度,减轻了人口压迫生产力的现象特别是人口对资源的压力,减少了人口抚养负担并提供了一段较长的人口红利期,使全体民众都能分享到改革开放的成果,为改革的持续深化提供了不竭的动力;计划生育还通过减少贫困人口,改善医疗、住房、教育和营养等水平,极大地增强了人力资本投资,为我国加快现代化步伐、全面建设小康社会、实现科学发展奠定了坚实的基础。强制性地控制生育率,也使我国提前进入了人口老龄化阶段,并在一定程度上引致了人口出生性别比的提高。
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| 关 键 词： | 计划生育 改革开放 人口政策 |
Family Planning, Reform and Opening up in the New Period of China |
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| LI Wen. Family Planning, Reform and Opening up in the New Period of China[J]. Journal of Hunan University of Arts and Science:Social Science Edition, 2010, 0(5) |
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| Authors: | LI Wen |
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| Affiliation: | LI Wen(Research Institute of Today's China,Beijing 100009,China) |
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| Abstract: | New China made a detour once in its population policy and missed the optimal time to solve its population problem.In the 1980s,China had no alternative but to introduce a mandatory family planning policy and gradually institutionalized family planning as a basic national policy.Mandatory family planning has not only been implemented in step with reform and opening up,but also influenced each other.By reducing the birthrate,family planning has eased the speed of population growth,alleviated the population pr... |
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| Keywords: | family planning reform and opening up population policy |
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