对"环境立法目的二元论"的反思——试论当前中国复杂社会背景下环境立法的目的

"环境立法目的二元论"的主要观点是,除了保护环境外,环境立法的目的还包括保护人体健康,促进经济发展。这种理论的主要特征是以促进经济发展为中心、以工具理性观为基础、以关注污染防治为核心,因此在一定程度上丧失了理论可能具有的批判力、建构力和解释力。在当前中国复杂社会背景下,环境立法的直接和内在目的应当是保护环境,包括防治环境污染、养护自然资源和保护生态系统。环境立法的最终目的应当是保护生物圈和促进人与自然相和谐。

Reflection on the Theory of Dual Purposes of Environmental Legislation——The Purpose of Environmental Legislation in the Context of Present Complex Society of China

The main argument of the theory of dual purposes of environmental legislation is that the purposes of environmental legislation cover safeguarding the human health and facilitating the economic development besides protecting the environment. The theory can be characterized as an economic-development-oriented, instrument-rationality-based and pollution-control-centered theory. Therefore, the theory has largely lost its forces of critique, construction and explanation which the theory might have had. In the context of present complex society of China, the direct and inherent purpose of environmental legislation is protecting the environment, including preventing and controlling the environmental pollution, conserving the natural resources and preserving the ecological systems. The ultimate purpose of environmental legislation is preserving the biosphere and facilitating the harmony between human and nature.