《哈利·波特》中的亲子关系与孝道——人类本性的一种展示:不死还是虽死犹生?

《哈利·波特》情节的原动力来自亲子关系和哈利的孝意识,此书的趣味和吸引力也与之内在相关。尽管哈利与伏地魔有一些不寻常的相似或联系,但他们之间有着根本性的区别,源头就在于各自经历亲子关系的方式不同,这导致了他们对待死亡和人生的不同态度。从哈利得知父母死亡的真相开始,他就活在与父母的生命血脉相连的世界之中,他的生存意义就由继承父母遗志和复仇所构成。按照《礼记》和《春秋公羊传》所表述的儒家学说,他是孝子;由于他践行孝道的赤诚、勇决和纯洁,他成就了自己生命中的仁和义。本文论证为什么主要是亲子关系和大复仇的艺术展示赋予了哈利乃至这整套书以活的生命,并在此基础上,给出了哈利是一位孝子的理由。最后通过对哈利和伏地魔的死亡观的现象学-生存论的时间分析,揭示了此书在理解人类本性问题上的哲理含义。

The Parenthood and the Consciousness of Filial Piety in Harry Potter:an Exposure to the Human Nature in the Contrast between Immortality and Living after Death

This paper argues that the motivation of Harry Potter originates in parenthood and Harry’s consciousness of filial piety,which relates internally to the aesthetic taste and appeal of the book series.The source of the fundamental distinctions between Harry and Voldemort,in spite of certain special similarities and links between them,lies in their different experiences with child-parent relations,which shapes their disparate attitudes towards death and life.Since Harry first knew the truth of his parents’ death,he lived in a world intimately connected with his parents’ lives,in which the meanings of his own existence consisted of carrying on his parents’ bequeathed wills and avenging their murder.Therefore,according to the tenets expressed by The Confucian Book of Rituals and Gong Yang’s Interpretation of the Spring & Autumn Annals,he is a typical filial son;and,due to the sincerity,bravery,resolution and purity with which he walked on the Way of filial piety,he realized ren(humanity) and yi(righteousness) in his life.The paper begins with a critical examination of recent commentary on Harry Potter,including J.K Rowling’s confession of her personal religious beliefs;and then argues why it is primarily the artistic presentations of the child-parent relation and the avenging of parental murder that bestows life to both Harry the protagonist and the book series as a whole.This then explains why Harry is a filial son.Finally,it provides a phenomenological-existential analysis of temporality in Harry’s and Voldemort’s views on death,in order to reveal the philosophical significance of the Harry Potter series in comprehending human nature.