船山的"英雄美学"及其对诗史的苛评

船山在对历代诗文和诗文作者的品评中,高标自许,少所认可,"诗圣"杜甫、"文起八代之衰"的韩愈,均在讥嘲之列。船山对诗史的苛评,缘于他标举的"英雄美学",而此种"英雄美学"的标举,又与他重建社会文化秩序的自我承担和角色要求相关,这是诠释船山美学与诗学的根本轻路,也是观照20世纪中国文学的重要线索。

Chuanshan' s Heroic Aesthetics and His Excessive Criticism of Poetical History

In his criticism of poems and their authors in various dynasties, Chuanshan himself set the high standard and seldom approved of others, among whom Dufu and Hanyu were both ridiculed of. The reason why he criticized poetical history harshly was that he held up heroic aesthetics openly. And the action of holding up heroic aesthetics was concerned with his self-assuming and role-desiring in reconstruction of the social and cultural order, which was the basic way of analysing Chuanshan's aesthetics and poetics and also an important clue to survey the Chinese literature in the 20th century.