新贸易理论中的报酬递增与市场结构

在新古典主流经济学中,报酬递增和市场结构难题一直困扰着人们,理论上一直很难找到报酬递增与不完全竞争市场相容的分析方法。传统贸易理论因假设规模报酬不变而避开了市场结构难题,完全竞争与规模报酬不变是相容的。直到20世纪70年代后期,报酬递增与市场结构难题的理论突破首先在新贸易理论中开始。新贸易理论以报酬递增为一大支柱性假设,该假设必然涉及到市场结构难题,这是个极具技术与建模难度的问题。新贸易理论在报酬递增和不完全竞争同时存在的条件下对报酬递增与市场结构难题进行了理论解释。

Increasing Returns and Market Structure in New Trade Theory

The problem of increasing returns and market structure in neoclassic economics is perplexed, which is avoided in the traditional trade theory. The great breakthrough in trade theories is the incorporation of increasing return and incomplete competition side by side into the theoretical framework of trade. New trade theories are originated out of the attempt to deal with the conflicting aspects between increasing return and competitive equilibrium within the neoclassic economics framework.