农村法制建设的主要问题和解决对策——基于新农村建设视角

法制建设是社会主义新农村建设的有力保障。当下农村法制建设的主要问题主要存在于农业立法、农村基层干部和农民法律意识、农村行政执法、农村司法和农村法律服务、农村行政执法监督等方面。为此，亟待对农村法制建设进行新的构架：建立良法立法机制，健全农业法律法规体系，为新农村建设创造优良法制环境；建立法制型农村干部机制，适应新农村建设之迫切需要，培养造就法制型农村基层干部；创新农村法治主体再造机制，提高广大农民法律意识，培养具有法律素质的新型农民；创立依法行政机制，加强农村行政执法，实现农村依法行政；完善司法和法律服务机制，建立健全农村基层法制机制，完善农村司法和法律服务体系；完善执法监督机制，建立农村行政执法监督制度，完善农村行政执法监督体系。

Main Issues and Countermeasures in the Process of Building Legal System in Countryside——from the perspective of construction of a new countryside

Legal system building is a strong safeguard for the construction of a new socialist countryside. There exist several issues of legal system building in the construction of a new countryside such as agricultural legislation, rural grass-roots cadres＇ legal awareness, law compliance and acting in accordance with the law, farmers＇ legal consciousness, law compliance and law utilization, rural administrative law execution, rural justice, rural legal services and supervision of law enforcement etc. This paper studies the framework and countermeasures of legal system building in the construction of a new countryside.1）Establish a good-law-based legislation mechanism, perfect agricultural law and regulations, and create a good legal environment for the construction of a new countryside.2） Build a legal mechanism for rural grass-roots cadres, cultivate village cadres with legal awareness in accordance with the urgent need of constructing a new countryside.3） Innovate a restructuring mechanism of the subject of rule of law in the countryside, enhance numerous farmers＇ legal consciousness, and train a new type of farmers with legal awareness.4） Set up a mechanism of administration in accordance with the law, strengthen rural administrative law execution and realize administration in accordance with the law in the countryside.5）Perfect a juridical and legal services mechanism, build and enhance rural grass-roots legal system, better juridical and legal services in rural areas.6） Improve the law enforcement supervision mechanism, establish a supervision institution of administrative law enforcement in the countryside, and perfect the supervision system.