零售商退出风险的供应链冲击与协调契约分析

零售商退出会导致供应链合作关系的终止,冲击供应链合作运营的基础,供应链企业需要合作应对吗?本文以数量折扣契约下的协调供应链为研究框架,研究存在零售商退出风险时传统数量折扣契约的供应链运作,并构建改进契约下的供应链协调模型。通过理论推演与仿真分析发现,零售商退出风险对供应链运作可能造成巨大的冲击,同时也惊讶地发现,虽然数量折扣契约在冲击下不能协调运作,但运作效率非常高。建议契约调整成本不高的供应链可选择我们改进后的协调数量折扣契约。

Analysis of Supply Chain Shock and Coordinating Contract with Retailer's Exiting Risk

Nowadays, the incidents often occur that retailers terminate the cooperation with their suppliers. Retailers' exiting the supply chain will not only cause loss of profits to itself and the suppliers, but also have shocks on basis the of supply chain cooperation.In this paper, whether the supply chain need to cooperation to cope with the problems when it has retailers' exiting risk is studied. The coordinated supply chain with quantity discount contract as the research foundation is chosen. By judging the adaptability of traditional quantity discount contract in the supply chain with retailers' exiting risk, the improved quantity discount contract which can coordinate the supply chain with exiting risk is then introduced. A two-level supply chain with one supplier and one retailer is built.Through the theoretical analysis and the numerical simulation of centralized and decentralized decision-making of the the model, it is found that retailers' exiting risk may have the great shock on the supply chain operations.At the same time, it is surprisingly found that although the quantity discount contract can not coordinate the supply chain under the great shock, the efficiency is very high. Therefore, it is suggested that in the supply chain with retailers' exiting risk, if the cost of coordination between the retailers and suppliers is very high, they can still use the traditional quantity discount contract contract since in this case it can achieve higher efficiency. But if the cost of coordination between enterprises is lower than the benefits the coordination brings, it is more beneficial to retailer and suppliers to adopt our recommended quantity discount contract.