从“差序格局”到“中华民族多元一体格局”的跨越

差序格局与中华民族多元一体格局是费孝通先生提出的解释中国社会结构的两把"金钥匙",前者侧重微观层面,而后者侧重宏观层面。该文力图探究如何实现从微观层面的差序格局到宏观层面的中华民族多元一体格局的跨越,即发现宏观理论的微观基础与微观理论的宏观推论。笔者运用"同心球"模型,重点研究了"民族"在差序格局中的重要作用,以此实现两个理论之间的跨越:在"己-家-民族-国-天下"体系中把握"群体"的特点和意义,在动态当中把握差序格局与中华民族多元一体格局的联系。

Bridge from the Pattern of Difference Sequence to Pluralistic Integration of Chinese Nation

The pattern of difference sequence and pluralistic integration of Chinese Nation proposed by Fei Xiaotong the famous Sociologist are the two golden keys to understand the social structure of China. As the theories on the social structure of China, the former emphasizes on the micro-level and the latter focuses on the macro-level. The writer researches how to make a bridge from the former to the latter. That means the paper finds the micro-foundation of macro-level theory and the macro-deduction of micro- level theory. The paper uses homocentric sphere model to analyze the important effect of nation in the pattern of difference sequence and makes the preliminary exploration.