东晋南朝吴兴沈氏之尚武及其地位的变迁

吴兴武康沈氏两晋之际以江东“武力强宗”的面貌出现在历史舞台,对东晋南朝之政局产生了重大的影响。从其发展过程看,东晋一代,沈氏尚武,成为门阀社会的不安定因素,且有覆家之祸。晋宋之际的社会变革,给沈氏武将提供了发迹的机缘,至宋、齐间,其勋业达到鼎盛。由于沈氏社会地位的上升,他们受到了门阀社会的影响,家风逐渐趋于崇尚文化。而南朝后期的沈氏文士预武,则是其尚武家风的余绪。

Emphasizing Military Affairs and the Change of Social Status of Shen Family of Wuxing from Eastern Jin to Southern Dynasty

Believing that the family should be made powerful militarily,Shen family from Wukang of Wuxing greatly influenced the political situation of Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasty since its appearance between the Eastern & Western Jin Dynasties.The family created military officers through generations.During the Eastern Jin Dynasty,Shen family emphasized military affairs and made the aristocratic(society) unstable,the family itself might be destoried as well,but the social change between Jin and Song Dynasties provided an excellent opportunity for the family to rise.As a result,the family reached its zenith between Song and Qi Dynasties.In the course of its rising,the family was influenced by the customs of aristocratic society and turned to emphasize culture.In the late Southern Dynasty,the family's scholars going in for military(affairs) only represented the vestige of its former family style.