Global neo-liberalism, global ecological modernization, and a swine CAFO in rural Bulgaria |
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Authors: | Leland L. Glenna Georgi V. Mitev |
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Affiliation: | aPennsylvania State University, AERS, Armsby Building, University Park, 16803 PA, USA;bUniversity of Rousse, Rousse, Bulgaria |
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Abstract: | Rural and development sociology studies have tended to credit globalization with low-wage, extractive, environmentally destructive outcomes. Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) have been treated as a local manifestation of the destructive tendencies of globalization. However, recent scholarship on globalization suggests that globalization may also be credited with high-wage, value-added, environmentally friendly economic growth. Moving beyond a general emphasis on the destructive tendencies of globalization, these studies reveal that variation in industry, national and international policies, firm characteristics, and local geography (socio-economic and biophysical) may influence socioeconomic and ecological outcomes. We discuss how these factors help to create a more complex understanding of the relationship between agrifood globalization and local manifestations of CAFOs. We then highlight an example of a rural Bulgarian CAFO that is locally owned and has come to internalize its waste stream. Our findings support recent scholarship that distinguishes between global neo-liberalism and global ecologically modernization and that emphasizes a more complex understanding of how local socio-economic and biophysical factors interact with global processes to influence rural development. |
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Keywords: | Globalization Neo-liberalism Ecological modernization Sustainable rural development |
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