中国藏区金融体系发展探讨

中国藏区长期依赖中央财政支持，金融发展滞后，金融对经济的贡献严重不足。当前藏区处于从传统经济向现代经济发展的转型时期，有必要改进藏区的金融体系。通过比较藏区和其他民族自治区的银行、证券、保险业机构网点数据，发现当前藏区金融体系的特征主要表现为：机构种类单一、网点少、服务品种少、配套服务欠缺、民间金融活跃。这些特点导致藏区金融行业竞争不足、创新乏力、贷存比低、银行惜贷、风险大、无法引领经济快速发展等问题。藏区金融体系的发展方向应为：引入全国性商业银行，组建地方性商业银行，县域及以下地区组建村镇银行、小额贷款公司，规范民间金融，制定特殊利率、信贷、税收等政策，加强信用环境建设以及担保、保险、直接融资、拍卖市场等金融配套服务。

On Financial System Development of Chinas Tibetan Region

China＇s Tibetan Region, located in the highest plateau, includes the Tibetan Auton- omous Region, ten Tibetan autonomous prefec- tures, and two Tibetan autonomous counties in Qinhai, Sichuan, Yunnan and Gansu. The region is economically backward and has substantially re- lied on central Chinese government＇s fiscal transfer payments and aid from other provinces in China. As a result, the financial sector in the region is un- derdeveloped and is not able to play an active role in supporting the region＇s leaping economic devel- opment. It is necessary to analyze the current fi- nancial system in the Tibetan region, to find out where the problems lie and how to modify the fi- nancial system.