20世纪社会主义民主的兴衰及其反思

20世纪社会主义民主的发展经历了一国范围内的初步探索、二战后更大范围的实践和苏东民主转轨等兴衰起伏,其成就和挫折对于世界民主发展影响深远。民主理论研究的滞后和误区、政治思维的偏执和僵化、宪政意识的薄弱和宪政思维的缺乏、封建思想的阻滞和对封建文化缺乏科学鉴剐,是社会主义民主发生失误和挫折的主要根源。因此,促进社会主义民主的健康、有序发展,需要解决巩固工人阶级政党的执政合法性这一首要课题,加强民主理论建设,实现政治思维向系统和开放的转变,普及和弘扬宪政精神,坚持不懈地反对封建主义。社会主义民主的未来发展需要不断的政治创新。

The Rise and Fall of Socialist Democracy in the 20th Century and some reflections

The 20th century has witnessed a series of rises and falls of socialist democracy, from tentative expedition in one country to its worldwide practice to the transition in former Societ Union and the Eastern European countries. Its achievements and setbacks have greatly affected the world's democratic development. The lagging behind of and misunderstanding in the democracy theory research, the crankiness and fossilization of political thinking, the weakness in constitutional government and the absence of the sense of constitutional government, the holding back by feudal thoughts, and the lack of scientific identification of feudal culture--all these lead to the misplay and setback of socialist democracy. Therefore, to promote the healthy, orderly development of socialist democracy involves first of all solving and consolidating the validity of reigning by the working class, strengthening the construction of democracy theory, realizing the transition to systematic and open political thinking, popularizing and advocating the spirit of constitutional government, and consistently opposing feudalism. The future development of socialist democracy needs constant political innovations.