楚骚与哀吊类韵文

哀辞以悼童殇、吊文以慰亲属、诔文以彰德行、祭文用于典祀,它们均以亡者为悼念对象,都指向一种哀痛伤心的情感。《楚辞》中的《国殇》、《招魂》、《大招》等作,对上述哀祭类韵文的兴盛影响极大,而贾谊《吊屈原赋》这篇楚骚体赋作,更被视为哀吊文的首出之作。同时,楚骚体的“兮”字句,是哀祭类韵文中重要的句式之一;而“兮”字句与四、六言的搭配,可以增加句式变化、加强抒情效果,并在作品中起到结构上的作用。

CHU SAO AND THE LAMENT TYPE VERSES

The lament writing was for mourning young death, the funeral oration was for comforting kinsfolk, the-memorical writing was for commending virtue and behavior,the elegiac address was used for memonical ceremory,all of them took the dead for the lament target, and all the sense was pointed at deep sorrow. The works in Chuci, such as Gu-oshang ,Zhaohun and Dazhaoetc .had a great influence over the nourishment of such lament verses like the above mentioned. And Jia Yi's In Memory of Qu Yuan, whose style was Sao ,was regarded as the first wrting of lament type verses. The "xi" character sentence of Chu Sao style was one of the most important sentence pattern in lament type verses. Whatsmore, the arrangement of "xi"character and four or six character sentences could increasing the pattern of sentence, strengthening the result of emotional expression, and playing a part in the writing' s structure.