我国征地制度演进的政策文献量化分析

农村土地征收制度改革是我国农村土地制度改革的主要内容之一，概括总结其演进趋势具有重要的理论与现实意义。在政策过程理论指导下，综合采用内容分析法、文献计量和概括总结方法，以1949-2015年期间国家层面出台的117份征地制度的政策文献为样本，对政策外部属性和政策文本内容进行分析，结合标志性政策的出台，分析不同制度环境下征地制度的阶段性特征，揭示征地制度的演进规律。结果表明，我国征地政策实施强度总体上呈现增大趋势，且随时间变化呈现出阶段性特征；政策主题范围不断扩大，内容关注度不断提高；就政策特别说明而言，制定主要是以职能部门为主，具有一定的连续性和稳定性；征地制度经历萌芽阶段、形成阶段、调整阶段、提高阶段和深化阶段的演变，政策主题呈现从较不均衡、极不均衡到趋于均衡的演进规律。

Policy Documents Quantitative Analysis on the Evolution of Land Expropriation Institution in China

The purpose of this study is to grasp the evolution trend of policies on land expropriation in China, it has important theoretical and practical significance to summarize the evolution process. Under the guidance of the policy process theory, the content analysis method, the literature metrology and the summary method are adopted. Use 117 land expropriation policies promulgated during 1949-2015 as samples, analyze the policy external attributes and text content. Then, the text content was encoded to obtain the quantitative data of policy evolution on the base of policy quantification analysis. The results show that: Policy implementation of the overall strength of China''s land requisition showed increasing trend, and shows the different characteristics in different period; Policy content experienced evolution process by distributed unevenly, very unequal to well-balanced, attention enhances unceasingly on topic content; As far as policy special specification is concerned, policymakers are the main functional departments in our country, and policies have a certain continuity and stability. The existing policy system is relatively perfect, as well as lack of detailed rules, it is difficult to effectively cope with the complexity of land expropriation in the new situation.