无字之法探源

采集狩猎族群的社会生活是复杂的,领地、互惠、核心家庭、复仇以及初步的权威,构成了他们法律生活的主要方面。在新石器时代,农业孕育了不动产和不动产法,互惠有了新的发展,出现了商品交换及规则,陶寺遗址的等级化墓葬和礼器,聚落之间的等级,聚族而葬,刑罚标志着宗法礼制已经出现。在前人研究的基础上,借助人类学资料和考古资料,通过探讨史前法律的产生与发展,期待将法律起源的研究往前推进一步。

Origin of the unwritten law

The social life of the ethnic group of hunters and gatherers is complex. Territory, reciprocity, the nuclear family, revenge and initial authority constituted the main aspects of their legal life. In the Neolithic age, agriculture bredreal estate and the relevant real estate law; meanwhile reciprocity had arrived at a new stage in which commodity exchanges and rules appeared. The hierarchical burials and ritual articles unearthed in Taosi ruins, the hierarchical settlements, the clan burial custom and penalties indicated the emergence of the established rituals of the clan system. On the basis of previous studies, with the aid of anthropological materials and archaeological materials, this paper explores the emergence and development of the prehistoric law, which can further the studies of the origin of laws.