发展干预项目的有效性评估：功能定位与操作难题

发展干预项目的评估是确定发展目标、发展效率、干预影响以及可持续性同项目实施之间的相关性的过程。它至少包含两方面的现实功能,学术层面上,是回应当前知识界对于发展项目是否真正有效的学术争论的最直接手段；实践层面上,能够对特定发展项目的持续或中止进行合法化描述。发展干预是由多元因素长期共同作用下产生的改变,要展示其项目多大程度上推动了发展变迁,是一件十分困难的事情,其操作性难题主要包括：复杂社会系统中干预效果的归因偏差议题；阶段性影响与最终效果的关系平衡议题；普遍性与情景化的评估方法的采用偏向议题；项目评估的时间节点的动态选择议题。操作性难题归结成最重要的一点,其实就在于如何判断发展干预行动是否真正推动了减贫发展与社会变迁。

The Effectiveness Evaluation of Development Intervention: Functional Status and Operational Challenges

Evaluation of development interventions is a process of determining the relevance of development goals, development efficiencies, intervention effects, and sustainability to project implementation.It includes at least two aspects of the actual function, the academic level is the most direct means of responding to the current intellectual debate on whether the development project is really effective. At the practical level, it can describe the continuation or suspension of a specific development project.Development interventions are the result of long-term interaction of multiple factors, and it is difficult to show how much their projects have driven development. Its operational problems include:the subjective deviation problem of intervention effect in complex social system;the relationship between the stage effect and the final effect;the use of universality and situational evaluation methods tend to favor the issue;dynamic selection of time nodes for project evaluation.The most important aspect of the operational problem is how to determine whether development interventions are really driving poverty reduction and social change.