合作电子商务价值创造的实证研究：情景双元理论

 开展企业间合作电子商务已经成为企业获取电子商务价值的关键路径。有研究认为具备情景双元性的企业能够获取合作电子商务活动的长期成功，然而关于情景双元性的前因，已有研究主要关注组织内的相关因素，缺乏对组织间合作商务管理因素的考虑。在合作电子商务的背景下，焦点企业需要构建一种企业间商务管理机制(即企业间情景)，同时追求企业间整合性和适应性，进而获取合作电子商务价值。        基于组织情景双元理论，从合作商务管理的视角，实证研究企业间IT治理(包括正式治理和关系治理)对电子商务双元能力(包括电子商务整合能力和电子商务适应能力)的使能作用以及电子商务双元能力的价值驱动机制。采用问卷调查法，收集205家企业中高层管理者的数据，基于PLS的结构方程和Smart PLS工具对研究模型进行假设验证。        研究结果表明，与关系治理相比，作为硬性情景因素的正式治理更利于电子商务整合能力的形成；与正式治理相比，作为软性情景因素的关系治理更利于电子商务适应能力的形成；电子商务双元能力能够同时兼顾并影响短期和长期企业绩效。验证了合作环境动荡性在企业间IT治理与电子商务双元能力之间的正向调节作用，还发现合作环境动荡性在电子商务双元能力对价值驱动过程中的差异化调节作用，即合作环境动荡性正向调节电子商务适应能力与企业绩效的关系，但在电子商务整合能力与企业绩效之间的调节作用不显著。研究结果扩展了情景双元理论在信息系统领域的应用，丰富了企业间合作电子商务领域的研究视角，对业界和学术界均有重要的指导意义。

E-business Value Creation under Inter-firm Cooperation Environment:Based on the Contextual Ambidexterity

 With the development of Chinese electronic market, e-business industry has demonstrated a trend of e-collaboration and e-business platform. In this e-market, many online retailers (such as Jingdong, Meituan, and etc.) and traditional sellers (Haier, Suning, and etc.) have built the cooperation with partners to achieve complementary capabilities and e-business value (such as logistics and mobile payments, and etc.). Therefore, collaborative e-business activities have become the critical path of generating e-business value. However, there are many firms facing confusions of conducting collaborative e-business activities.        Based on contextual ambidexterity and collaborative e-business management perspective, this paper conducts the empirical study of inter-firm IT governance, contextual ambidextrous capabilities, and e-business value. Based on the data collection and analysis from 205 senior managers, this study found that as a hard element, formal governance is positively related with e-business integration capability, and as a soft element, relational governance is positively related with e-business adaptability capability. Also, both e-business integration capability and e-business adaptability capability are positively associated with process performance and competitive performance. In addition, the turbulent collaborative environment has a differentiated moderation effect on the relationship among two e-business ambidextrous capabilities and firm performance, namely, the collaborative environment will be positively moderated the relationship between e-business adaptability capability and firm performance, but the moderation effect of collaborative environment is not significant between e-business integration capability and firm performance. Finally, this paper also finds that turbulent environment has a positive moderation effect between inter-firm IT governance and contextual ambidextrous capabilities.        Taken together, these findings contribute to the e-business value literature and deepen our understanding about the inter-firm e-business cooperation. This study extends the application of the contextual ambidexterity, and explores the relationships between two kinds of contextual factors and e-business ambidextrous capabilities. The findings also have important implications for both industry and academy by providing guidance on how to achieve e-business value under infer-firm e-business environment.