人类交往有效性条件的转喻基础--语用学理论系列研究之五

哈贝马斯的普遍语用学理论设定了描述客观世界的真实性、在社会世界中建立人际关系的合理性和表达个人主观世界的真诚性三个交往有效性条件，这解决了传统哲学的经验论和先验论中主客二元对立的问题，但是没有论证交往有效性条件的基础。转喻理论可以解决这一问题，因为陈述型的语言使用所要求的真实性往往是基于指称式转喻的相对真实性的，表现型语言使用中的真诚性是以言语行为转喻为基础的，互动型语言使用中所要求的合理性则兼有述谓式转喻和言语行为转喻的基础。

Metonymic Basis for the Validity Claims of Human Communication --Series V of studies on pragmatic theories,

The three communication validity conditions set by Habermas＇ theory of universal pragmatics give a solution to a priori-empirical paradox deep-rooted in the traditional philosophy. These conditions include the truth claim of representing physical world, the rightness claim of establishing legitimate interpersonal relationship in the social world and the truthfulness claim in the disclosure of speaker＇s subjectivity. However, the basis for such conditions is not specified. Actually such basis is metonymy, in which one uses a part of something to refer to the whole, or uses the whole to refer to one part of it. Metonymy can be divided into proposition metonymy （including referential metonymy and predication metonymy） and speech act metonymy. The truth claims of assertive use of language are the relative truth based on referential metonymy. The truthfulness claims in the expressive use of language are based on speech act metonymy, and the rightness claims in the regulative use of language have the basis of both predication metonymy and speech act metonymy.