新时期汉语贬义词语褒义化现象研究

新时期，由于部分汉语贬义词语增加了积极的理性意义，这使得附着其上的感情色彩义也随之褒义化。贬义词语褒义化的程度体现出明显的层次性：有偶一为之的，有相对固定使用的，也有已完成了贬义词语褒义化过程的。这些词语转化的动态过程包括其感情色彩的历时演变过程和在人群中的共时扩散过程，其转化机制在于褒义义素的显化，产生这种现象的原因是与当下人们观念的变化、娱乐时代语言符号的意义不在场、使用该类语言形式的人群的特殊心理以及他源性文化的影响密不可分。汉语贬义词语褒义化过程中体现的层次性也决定了规范该类词语时的层次性。

Chinese Pejorative used as Commendatory Term in the New Period

Since the reform and opening up, pejoratives used as commendatory terms are added positive rational meanings such as sureness and recognition, which make their negative emotions turn to positive ones. Their amelioration extent has different levels obviously. Some are used occasionally, some frequently, and others have transformed from pejorative to commendatory terms. The dynamic process of conversion includes the diachronic evolution process of its emotional color and the synchronic diffusion process in the crowd. The transformation mechanism lies in the manifestation of good sememe. The reasons for this phenomenon is closely related to the following factors： the change of people＇s ideas, meaning of linguistic symbols not being present in the entertainment era, people＇s special psychology for this kind of language forms, and influence of foreign cultures. Different levels of pejorative terms used as commendatory terms determine their standard levels.