质量与价格双重竞争情景下的供应链协调策略分析

研究了由两个供应商和一个制造商构成的供应链系统中,在质量竞争和价格竞争同时作用下,供应链成员的协调运作策略。分析了供应链集中决策、供应商合作、供应商不合作以及混合情景下供应链成员的博弈均衡,并进一步分别讨论了价格竞争和质量竞争的激烈程度对不同情景供应链均衡解的影响。研究表明,供应商合作有助于提升供应商的质量努力程度,但会导致供应链整体利润的下降;质量竞争越激烈,在多数情景中供应商的质量努力程度就越高,这在供应商合作的情景中尤其明显,但价格竞争的激烈程度对供应商努力程度的影响较为有限,在供应商合作的情景中甚至可以忽略。

Supply Chain Coordination Strategy Considering Dual Competition from Price and Quality

Under the new circumstance with intense competition, the enterprise should balance the relationship between the price and the quality, coordinating its chain members' decision-making to develop the optimally competitive strategy with the full consideration of the behavior of competitors. And it will not meet the need of operational decision making if only the price or the quality are considered. The article examines such questions in a dynamic game of a supply chain system consisting two suppliers and a manufacturer. And it analyzes the equilibriums in four different scenarios, namely, chain cooperating, supplier cooperating, supplier non-cooperating and mixed cooperating; and the impact of price and quality competition exertang on final decision-making such as retail price, quality effort and profit is discussed. The results show that cooperation of suppliers can contribute to quality improvement but it may lead to profit reduction of the whole chain. In most situations, the more intense the quality competition is, the more effort the suppliers make, especially in the cooperative situation. However, the influence of price competition on supplier's quality effort is bounded or even can be ignored.