浅析低音提琴的发音

低音提琴是西洋四弦乐中琴箱最大、声音最低的乐器。如果把小提琴比喻成华丽的女高音，那么低音提琴就是沉稳厚重的男低音。与其它弓弦乐器一样，低音提琴的发音是靠弓毛与琴弦的摩擦而产生的。低音提琴的琴弦又粗又长，不易振动，很难控制发音。直接影响发音的是发音三要素，（即：发音点、弓速、压力），当然正确的持琴姿势、右手握弓方法、掌握杠杆力，以及左手按弦的力度和换把的速度、揉弦的频率等都对发音产生重要的影响。在演奏中要正确的处理发音点、弓速和压力三者的关系，以此来表现不同的音色，演奏不同的力度。右手的握弓、运弓正确使用杠杆力也对低音提琴的发音起着重要的作用。左右手是要互相配合的。左手按弦、抬落指、换把也是发音的重要保证。此外，演奏状态对于音乐的表现、技术的发挥也是非常重要的。好的发音是受诸多方面制约的，只有合理掌握了这些因素才能演奏出打动人心的音乐。

Analysis of the Sound Production of Double Bass

Double bass has the biggest resonance box and the lowest sound in western bowed instruments. If the violin is compared to magnificent soprano, double bass is the deep voice of bass. The same as other bowed instruments, the sound of double bass is produced by the friction between bow hair and string. It is difficult to control the sound of double bass because of its thick and long strings. Three important factors which affect the sound production are： sound producing point, bow speed and pressure. Some other factors include： proper pose of bass control, ways of right-hand bow holding, level power control, power of left-hand bow pressure, frequency of string sliding.Dealing with the relations between the sound producing point, bow speed and pressure properly in order to display different sound feature and performance power. In addition, right-hand bow holding and proper level power control also play an important role in the sound production of double bass. The cooperation of two hands are important, too. Left-hand pressing string, putting up fingers, putting down fingers are fundamental for sound production. Performance state is one key factor for musical expression and technique show. Attractive sound production is restricted by various aspects, and mastering the factors is the only way to perform heart-felt music