美国农业保护政策简介

农业是美国所有产业中竞争最激烈的产业之一 ,农业的激烈竞争主要是由进入“门槛”低所致。在 1981到 1990年期间 ,美国联邦政府花在农业上的补贴超过 2 50 0亿美元。价格补贴是美国农业保护政策的基础 ,成本补贴又使因价格补贴导致的市场过剩更加严重。对农民采取直接收入补贴政策的好处在于 :该政策能在不引起市场价格和农业产出扭曲的情况下 ,保证农民收入能达到一定水平

A Brief Summary of Protective Policies in U.S.Agriculture

The agriculture industry is one of the most competitive of al l U.S. industries. Lower barriers to entry are the main cause of the intensive com petition in agriculture. In the 1980s,the U.S. federal government spent over 25 0 billion on farm subsidies. Price supports have always been the foundation of t he protective policy in U.S. agriculture. The market surplus induced by price su pports is exacerbated by cost subsidies. The advantage of direct income supports to farmer is that they achieve the goal of income security without distortions of market prices and output of agriculture.