伦理信任消解的社会学检讨

伦理信任，既是行为自由方式，也是社会精神结构。作为前者，其具体形式是“己-他互利”的道德信任或“纯粹利他”的美德信任；作为后者，它是社会秩序的深层结构，并构成制度、法律、规程建构的本质规范及实践指南。伦理信任的精神本质是“平等-共生”，它遭遇解构的表现形式是道德沉沦和美德消隐，但实质却是“平等-共生”精神结构解构。解构伦理信任的社会方式有两种，即前结构性解构和结构性解构，前者是政治以颠倒伦理的僭越方式设计和创建无伦理信任精神结构支撑的制度、法律、规程，使社会只有刚性的形式秩序；后者是指以伦理信任精神为指南构建起来的社会秩序，在运作进程中遭遇畸形变化的世界力量解构了其深层社会精神结构。两种方式都源于“财富-权力”结构的垄断。因而，改变伦理信任消解状况，重建伦理信任精神结构和伦理信任方式，需要从根本上解决“财富-权力”结构问题。

A Sociological Review of the Dissolution of Ethical Trust

Ethical trust is not only a way of freedom of behavior,but also a social spiritual structure.As the former,its concrete form is the moral trust of "mutual benefit" or the virtue trust of "pure altruism";as the latter,it is the deep structure of social order,and constitutes the essential norm and practice guide of the construction of system,law and regulation.The spiritual essence of ethical trust is "equal symbiosis",which is deconstructed in the form of moral degradation and virtue concealment,but in essence is the deconstruction of the spiritual structure of "equal symbiosis".There are two social approaches to deconstruct ethical trust,namely,pre-structural deconstruction and structural deconstruction.The former is the political design and creation of institutions,laws and regulations without the support of the spiritual structure of ethical trust by overstepping ethics.The latter refers to the social order constructed under the guidance of the spirit of ethical trust,which encounters abnormal world force in the process of operation and deconstructs its deep social spiritual structure.Both approaches stem from the monopoly of the "wealth power" structure.Therefore,it is necessary to fundamentally solve the problem of "wealth power" structure by changing the situation of ethical trust dissolution and rebuilding the spiritual structure and ethical trust mode of ethical trust.