西方现代政治：对《圣经》传统与古典传统的双重反叛

按照列奥·施特劳斯的理解，西方当今政治不但是现代的，而且是世俗的，它排斥一切超验的源头，包括犹太一基督教的上帝和古典哲学的超善。现代政治之所以能将对两种传统的反叛毕其功于一役，是因为在前现代社会，无论是《圣经》传统还是古典传统，都强调在日常生活之上还有一种更加高级的生活。西方现代社会反对这种二分法，而给予日常生活以充分的肯定，这一点正是现代政治反叛两种传统得以可能的关键。现代政治要求从习俗、道德和宗教的自然洞穴中脱离出来，日益哲学化，此即列奥·施特劳斯所谓现代政治的“走火入魔”。

Modern western politics fights against Biblical traditions and classical traditions

According to Leo Strauss, politics today which refuses any transcendental source, including God and hypergoods, is not only modern but also secular. How did modern politics kill these two traditions with one shoot？ From a study we found that in pre-modern society, not only the biblical tradition but also the classical tradition, people believed there was a higher life above ordinary life. In modern society the idea was abandoned, and ordinary life was affirmed fully. This turning point was a key factor of modern politics＇ success in fighting against these two traditions. Leo Strauss called modern politics ＂the possession of the devil＂ which tries to separate from the cave of customs, moralities and religions.