北京市流动人口证件管理演变与实证研究

通过对北京流动人口户籍、就业、居住和计划生育证件的管理政策及其法规实施演变的分析，本文认为流动人口证件的管理经历了从无证管理到多证协管，再到一证统管的过程，《暂住证》贯穿整个有证管理历程并发挥了基础性作用。文章进一步使用“2006年北京市1‰流动人口调查”数据分析流动人口持证情况及影响因素，发现身份证持证率（97．5％）明显高于暂住证持证率（84．5％），并且身份证持证率与流动人口的个体特征没有直接的关联，而众多个体特征对暂住证持证率都有显著的影响作用，比如性别、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、就业情况、来京年份和所在功能区等因素。从理论上讲，由于《暂住证》受个体因素影响较大，普及范围不如《身份证》，流动人口管理可以取消《暂住证》，而仅以《身份证》作为管理依据。

The Evolution of Peking's Floating Population's Certified Administration and Its Empirical Study

By reviewing the evolution of the policies on the registration,employment,dwelling,and family planning program of the floating population in Peking,the paper concludes that the policy and its implementation can be divided in three stages,i.e.no certificates,separate certificates for registration,dwelling,employment and family planning,and only one certificate to covering all needs including the above mentioned.In the policy evolution,the temporary residence cards played a fundamental role.Furthermore,the pa...