论安全关照义务

安全关照义务存在于雇佣、运输、服务、教育等法律关系中,以法定义务为主。安全关照义务的内容表现为关心、照顾和保护的积极作为,而违反义务常表现为消极不作为形态。在确定违反该项义务的法律责任时,应当区别义务性质、不作为行为与损害之间的因果关系、责令行为人分别承担合同责任或侵权责任、直接责任或补充责任。归责原则采过错责任原则,实行举证责任倒置。

On the Obligation of Care on Security

The obligation of security care, with the major form of legal obligation, is applicable to the legal relations in engagements, transportation, service and education, etc. It includes positive conduct of tender, care and shield, and its offence often takes the form of passive non-conduct. While identifying the offence of the responsibility, we should distinguish the causality among nature of obligation, non-conduct and damage, order the doer to burden contract liability or liability for tort, direct liability or supplement one respectively.