商会档案的原生态与商会史研究的发展

章开沅指出,史学的价值及其品格首先就表现为要认真看原始材料,只有充分运用了原生态的史料,史学著作才能经得起时间的检验,仅仅依靠或主要靠别人利用过的"二手货"是难以获致真正有价值的学术成果的。彭南生认为,史学研究的原创性建立在对历史的充分理解与科学解释的基础上,对历史的理解与解释又是以历史的真实性为前提的,真实历史的构建是从尽可能详尽地占有历史资料入手的,它们之间形成了"原生态史料--原生态历史--原创性理解或解释"的路径依赖关系。其中,原生态史料是史学研究原创性的基石,原生态场景的构建则是原创性理解或解释不可缺少的手段。罗炳良则强调,历史学的一个最基本的使命就是弄清历史的真相,这就需要历史研究者考察历史的原生态,通过利用原生态资料、深入原生态环境、遵循原生态标准等途径,探寻历史学解释方法的适度原则。

"Prototype mode" in Historical Studies (Symposium)

Zhang Kaiyuan points out that the value and character of historiography is expressed firstly in earnest reading of the original materials. Only by using the prototype mode historical materials, can the historical works endure the test of time. Peng Nansheng believes that the principle of historical studies is established on the basis of fully understanding and scientifically interpreting history. The understanding and interpreting of history is based on the truthfulness of history. The construction of true history starts from ever-possibly holding the historical materials. Among them formed a route of mutual reliance of "prototype historical materials-prototype history-originate understanding and interpreting". Luo Bingliang emphasized that a basic mission of historiography is to make clear the truth of history. This requires the researchers of history to examine the prototype mode of history. The suitable principle for interpreting history can be found through using prototype materials, going deeply into the prototype environment and abiding by the standards of prototype mode, etc.