从村治到乡政:乡村管理的第二次制度创新

人民公社体制废除以后 ,农村基层管理体制的基本模式为“乡政村治”。近 2 0年来 ,伴随农村微观经济体制的改革 ,村治发生了重大变迁 ,特别是村民自治的制度框架已基本建立 ,由此构成乡村管理第一次制度创新的主要成果。但是 ,作为国家政权基础部分的乡政却没有发生相应的变革 ,从而严重制约了村民自治的发展和乡村的有效治理。为此 ,乡村管理必须进行第二次制度创新 ,其重点就是改革和创新乡政

From Villager Self-government to Township Government: the Second Institutional Innovation of Rural China Administration

After abolishing the people's commune system,the basic model of rural China administration is "Township Government and Villager Self government".In the past 20 years,accompanying with micro economic reform in rural China,rural China administration have greatly changed,especially villager self government system set up as the main result of the first institutional innovation.But township government haven't changed timely and correspondingly,which greatly prevented the development of villager self governent and effective rural governance.So,the second institutional innovation of rural China administration is necessary,the key of which is reforming and innovating township government.